Shaqada nadaamka qanjidhka 'endocrine' ayaa ku dhawaad dadka aan la arki karin, laakiin waa mid muhiim u ah shaqada oo dhan. Si loo qiimeeyo hawsheeda, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si taxadar leh loo baaro hormoonnada tayroodhka - inta badan tilmaamahan waxaa badanaa lagu muujiyaa xaashida iyadoo la eegayo natiijooyinka falanqaynta. Laakiin turjumaadda saxda ahi waxay ku celinaysaa aqoonta waxyaabo gaar ah oo ka mid ah soo saarista walxaha bayoloji firfircoon, ujeedadooda.
Norm iyo pathology-ka baaritaanyada enzymes iyo hoormoonka tayroodh
Baaritaanka ka hor waxaa muhiim ah in la fahmo in qanjidhka thyroid laftiisa uu soo saaro oo keliya 2 hormoon:
- T3 - triiodotyronin (hormoonka weyn);
- T4 waa tetraiodotyronin ama thyroxine.
Waxay lagama maarmaan u yihiin maamulka maadada tamarta ee jirka, iyo sidoo kale inay xakamayso hawsha hababka sida:
- Qalbidda wadnaha;
- gudbinta dareen-celinta iyadoo la isticmaalayo fayoqo dareemayaal;
- Xubin ka mid ah xiidmaha;
- uumiga oo qoyaanka ka soo baxa maqaarka iyo kuwa kale.
TSH (hormoonkaaga gacanta) ayaa dhab ahaantii laga soo saaraa pituitary (gobolka maskaxda), oo aan ku jirin qanjirka thyroidka. Waxay ku jirtaa daraasaddan, sababtoo ah TSH waa lagama maarmaan si loo ilaaliyo diiradda T3 iyo T4 - marka heerkoodu hoos u dhaco, qanjirada pituitary waxay soo saartaa hoormoonka kor u kaca ee hormoonada si firfircoon.
Marka la go'aaminayo qaddarka triiodotyronin iyo thyroxin, qiimaha bilaashka ah ee T3 iyo T4 waa muhimad weyn, kuwaas oo soo saara saameynta bayoolojiga loo baahan yahay.
Waxaa muhiim ah in heerarka hoormoonka tayroodhku aanu caadi ahayn, laakiin sidoo kale jawaabta difaaca jirka ee enzymes, proteinska iyo unugyada. Tani waxay muujineysaa isku dhafka unugyada difaaca (AT) maadooyinka soo socda:
- TPO (thyroperoxidase) waa enzme ugu weyn ee qanjirka thyroid;
- TG (thyroglobulin) - borootiin iodine-ku jirto, ugudbinta T3 iyo T4;
- qanjidhada thyrotropin hormoonka.
Waxaa intaa dheer, daraasaddan la qeexay waxay qeexaysaa:
- Calcitonin - Oncomarker;
- TSH (thyroxine-glinding globulin) waa borotiinka gaadiidka.
Iyadoo loo eegayo falanqaynta feejignaanta qaybaha kor ku xusan ee firfircoon, dhowr pathologies ayaa la ogaan karaa:
- hypo- iyo hyperplasia-ga organ-ka ah ee loo yaqaan 'endocrin organ;
- thyrotoxicosis ;
- thyroiditis autoimmune;
- hypothyroidism ;
- buro xun.
Waa maxay caadada hormoonnada tayroodh?
Si kalsooni ah natiijada daraasaddan, waa in lagu deeqo dhiiga ku jira shaybaarrada casriga ah ee leh qalab xasaasi ah.
Tixgeli xuduudaha loo qoondeeyey ee tilmaam kasta.
Heerarka hoormoonka thyroid ee ugu muhiimsan Th3 (nmol / L):
- wadarta - 1.06-3.14;
- lacag la'aan - 2.62-5.77.
Hoos-u-dhaca xooggan ee T3 ayaa muujiya hypothyroidism, daal badan oo ah unugyada endocrine, waxay muujin kartaa kansar.
Heerka hoormoonada qanjirka 'Pituitary and Thyroid TTG' iyo T4 waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa qaybo kala duwan - MED / L iyo nmol / L, siday u kala horreeyaan.
Qiimaha la aqbali karo ee loogu talagalay TSH waa qiyaasta laga bilaabo 0.47 ilaa 4.15 malab / l.
Xuduudaha guud ee T4:
- wadarta - 71.23-142.25;
- bilaash - 9,56-22,3.
Sidoo kale, marka la gooyo natiijooyinka baaritaanka ee ku saabsan maadada hoormoonka tayroodhka ee dhiigga, waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado qiyaasaha AT ee TPO, TG, iyo Recotors thyrotropic hormone:
- antibodies for yourreperoxidase - in ka yar 5.67 U / ml;
- antibodies to thyroglobulin - titer
- antibodies to pTTG - in ka yar 4 U / l.
Qiimaha saxda ah ee thyroxin-glinding globulin waa laga bilaabo 222 illaa 517 nmol / l.
Marka la eego go'aaminta tixgelinta calcitonin sida kor u kicida ee medullary (C-cellular) kansarka tayroodhka, waxaa lagu sameeyaa hay'ado khaas ah. Sida ugu kalsoonaan karo waa falanqaynta kicinta, taas oo dhiig loo qaato ka dib markii maamulka xididada ee kalsiumum gluconate xal (10%). Kororka ugu yar ee calcitonin, xitaa 0.5 qaybood oo ka badan xadka sare ee xeerka, ayaa tilmaamaya horumarka burooyinka malignantiga ah.