Qabashada iyo horumarinta shakhsiga

Cilmi-nafsiku wuxuu u kala saaraa habab badan oo daraasadda ah ee fikradaha aasaasiga ah, sharciyada samaynta, horumarinta shakhsiga. Waxaa sidoo kale muhiim ah in halkan lagu xuso in khilaafaadka ugu wayni ay fahmayaan waxa dhabta ah ee dhiiri galinaya xooga dhiirigelinaya horumarka, maxay saameyn ku yeelatay dunida ku hareereysan dhismaha.

Nidaam kasta oo maskaxeed wuxuu udub dhexaad u yahay macluumaadka qiimaha leh ee ku saabsan sameynta iyo horumarka sii kordhaya ee shakhsiyadda: Sidaa awgeed, aragtida sifooyinka waxay muujinaysaa in wax walba la abuuray muddada hawlaha oo dhan, iyo shakhsiyaadka shakhsiyaadka loo bedelay sida waafaqsan sharciyada aan biyoolaji ahayn.

Barashada cilmi-nafsiyeedka waxay aaminsan tahay in horumarka loo baahan yahay in loo qaato sidii loo waafajin lahaa nooca bayoolojiga ah ee midkeenba si aan ula macaamilno bulshada, iyada oo horumarineysa siyaabo lagu dabooli karo rabitaankiisa shakhsi ahaaneed oo lagu qeexay "super-I" (si kale loo dhigo, tilmaamaha anshaxa ee qof kasta).

Naqshadda barashada bulshadu waxay arkaysaa codsigan qaababka kala duwan ee isdhexgalka qof kasta. Bini'aadamku wuxuu daaweeyaa abuurista iyo horumarinta shakhsiyadda sida habka loo noqdo mid isu gaar ah.

Shuruucda samaynta iyo horumarinta shakhsiyadda ee cilmiga casriga casriga ah

Cilmi-baadhayaasha caalamka oo dhan ayaa tixgelinaya arrinta arrimahan kala duwan. Waxay xoojisay isbeddelka ku wajahan falanqaynta shakhsi ahaaneed. Fikradani waxay baari doontaa marxaladaha koritaanka shakhsi ahaaneed marka laga eego aragtida isbeddel isku dhafan dhinac kasta. Waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee fikradda isku dhafan waa aragtida maskaxda ee Erickson.

Nooc-maskaxeedku wuxuu u hoggaansamaa mabda 'loo yaqaan' epigenetic (noloshiisa qof kasta waxaa jira marxalado gaar ah, oo ay saameeyeen gen, taas oo shakhsiyaddu ay ka dhalanayso dhalashada illaa dhammaadka). Sida uu dhigayo waxbarashadiisa, qaab-dhismeedka shaqsiyadeed wuxuu ku-socdaa hab-raacyo fara badan. Marxal kasta waxaa lagu gartaa isbedel ku yimaada horumarka gudaha ee adduunka shakhsiga ah, xiriirka uu la leeyahay dadka kale.

Erickson wuxuu gacan weyn ka geystay daraasadda waxyaabaha aasaaska u ah dhismaha iyo horumarka shakhsi ahaaneed, isagoo helay, isagoo sharraxaya muddooyinka ugu weyn ee dhibaatooyinka iyo marxaladaha horumarinta shakhsi ahaaneed.

Dhibaatooyinka Nolosha

Erickson wuxuu aaminsan yahay in nolosha nafsaaniga ah ee dhibaatadu ay la kulantay nolosha mid kasta oo naga mid ah:

1. Sannadka ugu horeeya waa dhibaatooyin la kulma dunida cusub.
2. 2-3 sano - muddada halganka madax-bannaani iyo ceeb.
3. 3-7 sano - u dagaal gelinta dareenka dembiga.
4. 7-13 sano - mucaaradka ah rabitaanka shaqo iyo kakoobid la'aan.
5. 13-18 sano - iskahorimaad ismaamul ah sida shakhsiyad iyo shakhsi shakhsi ahaaneed.
6. 20 sano - bulsho bulsho, isku-duwid ka dhan ah go'doonka gudaha.
7. 30-60 sano - rabitaan ah in wax lagu baro jiilka da'da yar, oo aanad isku xirnayn.
8. In ka badan 60 sanadood - qanacsanaanta, qancinta noloshiisa gaarka ah ee ka soo horjeeda dejinta.

Marxaladaha horumarinta iyo dhismaha

1. Heerka koowaad (1da sano ee nolosha): waxaa jira rabitaan ah in lala xiriiro dadka, ama in laga saaro bulshada iyaga oo leh.
2. Marxaladda labaad (2-3 sano): madax-banaanida, is-kalsoonida.
3. Saddexaad, afaraad (3-6 sano iyo 7-13): jacayl, dadaal, rabitaan ah in lagu baaro aduunyada, horumarinta xirfadaha isgaadhsiinta iyo garashada.
4. Marxaladda shanaad (13-20 sano): jinsiga iyo noloshu is-go'aamiso.
5. Sixth (20-50 sano): ku qanacsanaanta dhabta ah, waxbarashada jiilka mustaqbalka.
6. Toddobaadkii (50-60-sanno): nolol-abuurka, nolosha hal-abuurka ah, kibirka caruurtooda.
7. Siddeedaad (in ka badan 60 sanadood): awoodda lagu aqbalo fikradaha ku saabsan dhimashada, falanqaynta guulaha shaqsiyeed, muddada qiimeynta ficilada, go'aamada hore.